Why do some nations thrive while others lag behind? Nobel laureate James Robinson, co-author of « Why Nations Fail », discusses how political and economic institutions determine the economic trajectory of nations. He emphasizes the role of political power distribution and state capacity in fostering prosperity, contrasting successful and struggling nations to illustrate how inclusive institutions create economic opportunities. Robinson also explores the influence of democracy on public goods and development, offering insights into how institutions evolve and affect global economic outcomes.